Komparativna analiza razloga raspada iračke vojske 2014. i afganistanske vojske 2021. godine

master's thesis

• Title (english): A Comparative Analysis of the Reasons for the Disintegration of the Iraqi Army in 2014 and the Afghan Army in 2021
• Author: Robert Toupal
• Mentor: Robert Mikac (mentor)
• Mentor: Goran Boroš (komentor)
• Committee member: Goran Đukić (predsjednik povjerenstva)
• Committee member: Robert Mikac (član povjerenstva)
• Committee member: Goran Boroš (član povjerenstva)
• Granter: University of Zagreb; (Croatian Defence Academy "Dr. Franjo Tuđman"); Zagreb
• Defense date and country: 2022-07-04, Croatia
• Scientific / art field, discipline and subdiscipline: SOCIAL SCIENCES; Security and Defense Science

Abstract

Sjedinjene Američke Države su nakon intervencije u Iraku i Afganistanu pokrenule proces
izgradnje potpuno novog državnog uređenja temeljenog na demokraciji i građanskim pravima.
Za zaštitu tih država ustrojene su nove oružane snage navedenih država u koje su SAD i
saveznici uložili milijarde dolara i velik trud nebrojenih instruktora i savjetnika. Usprkos svemu
ovome te su se organizacije raspale prilikom prvog značajnog sučeljavanja s ozbiljnim
protivnikom. Iračka vojska doživjela je kolaps 2014. u naletu ISIL-a, a afganistanska vojska u
talibanskoj ljetnoj ofenzivi 2021. godine. Cilj ovog rada je razjasniti čimbenike koji su utjecali
na njihov poraz. Hipoteza koja se u njemu brani govori da je manjak motivacije vladinih snaga
ključan za njihov neuspjeh. ISIL i talibani iskoristili su nefunkcionalnost države i duboke podjele
u društvu, kako bi uz manji broj visokomotiviranih boraca nadjačali veće, bolje opremljene ali
slabije motivirane vladine snage. Manjak motivacije vladinih snaga uzrokovan je slabom vjerom
u nefunkcionalnu i korumpiranu državu kao i u vrijednosti koje je ona predstavljala.

Abstract (english)

After the intervention in Iraq and Afghanistan, the United States started the process of building a
completely new states based on democracy and civil rights. New armed forces of these states
have been formed to protect these countries, in which the United States have investedbillions of
dollars with its Allies, and the great efforts of countless instructors and advisers. Despite all this,
these organizations disintegrated on their first contact with a serious adversary. The Iraqi army
experienced a collapse in 2014 in war against ISIL, and the Afghan army in the Taliban summer
offensive in 2021. The aim of this paper is to clarify the factors that influenced their defeat. The
hypothesis defended in it says that the lack of motivation of government forces is key to their
failure. ISIL and the Taliban took advantage of state dysfunction and deep divisions in society to
overpower larger, better-equipped but less motivated government forces with a small number of
highly motivated fighters. The lack of motivation of government forces was caused by a weak
faith in a dysfunctional and corrupt state as well as in the values it represented.

• Keywords: Irak; Afganistan; ISIL; talibani; motivacija; raspad; rat
• Keywords (english): Iraq; Afghanistan; ISIL; Taliban; motivation; disintegration; war
• Language: croatian
• URN:NBN: urn:nbn:hr:249:565570
• Study programme: Title: Military Leadership and Management; Study programme type: university; Study level: graduate; Academic / professional title: MAGISTAR/MAGISTRA VOJNOG VOĐENJA I UPRAVLJANJA (MAGISTAR/MAGISTRA VOJNOG VOĐENJA I UPRAVLJANJA)
• Type of resource: Text
• File origin: Born digital
• Access conditions: Closed access
• Created on: 2023-02-08 14:53:25