Strukturna analiza starenja baruta

master's thesis

• Title (english): The Structural Monitoring of the Explosive Powders Aging
• Author: Nikola Malenica
• Mentor: Vilko Mandić (mentor)
• Mentor: Valentina Ključarić (mentor)
• Committee member: Dragana Vuk (predsjednik povjerenstva)
• Committee member: Vilko Mandić (član povjerenstva)
• Committee member: Valentina Ključarić (član povjerenstva)
• Granter: University of Zagreb; (Croatian Defence Academy "Dr. Franjo Tuđman"); Zagreb
• Defense date and country: 2019-09-26, Croatia
• Scientific / art field, discipline and subdiscipline: TECHNICAL SCIENCES; Interdisciplinary Technical Sciences

Abstract

Baruti su vrsta eksplozivnih tvari koje spadaju u propelante. Sastavno gledajući razlikuju se dvije vrste baruta, crni baruti i malodimni baruti. Obje navedene vrste baruta sklone su fizikalnoj i kemijskoj degradaciji. Proces degradacije je najizraženiji prilikom izlaganja baruta povišenim temperaturama i vlazi. Degradiranjem baruta narušava se kvaliteta njegove iskoristivosti i funkcionalnosti. U ovom radu uspoređivano je ponašanje različitih tipova baruta u njihovom izvornom obliku te nakon simuliranog procesa starenja. Starenje baruta simulirano je izlaganjem baruta kombinacijama uvjeta vlage i povišene temperature u određenom vremenu. Dobiveni uzorci baruta karakterizirani su prije i poslije procesa simuliranog starenja spektroskopskim metodama te metodama strukturne i termičke analize. Uz napredne metode (HPLC, FTIR, SEM, DTA, TGA) karakterizacija uzoraka provedena je konvencionalnim metodama propisanim u OSRH. Provedenim eksperimentima utvrđena je razlika sklonosti starenju između različitih tipova baruta. Ključni element starenja baruta sadržan je u reakcijama s vodom iz vlage u zraku. Iako vrijednost koeficijenta brzine reakcije starenja nije značajna, ispravno i kvalitetno skladištenje se pokazalo kao nužan čimbenik očuvanja kvalitete baruta.

Abstract (english)

Gunpowders are a type of explosive matter that belong in a category of propellants. Two types of gunpowders are distinguished by differences in their constituents, which are black powder and smokeless powders. Both of these propellants are prone to physical and chemical degradation. The degradation process is the most evident when gunpowders are exposed to conditions of elevated temperatures and moisture. Degradation has a negative impact on functionality and quality of gunpowders. This investigation offers a comparison of both types of gunpowders, in pristine state and aged state. Aging was simulated by exposing samples to different combinations of elevated moisture and temperature conditions. For the characterisation of samples in pristine and aged state, we used advanced spectroscopic, structural and thermal methods (HPLC, FTIR, SEM, DTA, TGA) as well as other conventional methods prescribed in OSRH. Experimental results point toward the difference of degradation susceptibility between different types of gunpowder. The aging and degradation of gunpowder predominantly occur due to chemical reaction with water from surrounding air. Despite the value of the constant for the rate of the degradation process is not significant, special attention has to be devoted to ensure proper conditions of gunpowder storage.

• Keywords: baruti; starenje baruta
• Keywords (english): gunpowders; explosive powders aging
• Language: croatian
• URN:NBN: urn:nbn:hr:249:889100
• Study programme: Title: Military Engineering; Study programme type: university; Study level: graduate; Academic / professional title: MAGISTAR/MAGISTRA INŽENJER/INŽENJERKA VOJNOG INŽENJERSTVA (MAGISTAR/MAGISTRA INŽENJER/INŽENJERKA VOJNOG INŽENJERSTVA)
• Type of resource: Text
• File origin: Born digital
• Access conditions: Closed access
• Created on: 2019-12-05 12:04:36